A 51% attack happens when an individual miner or a coalition of miners gains control of over half of a blockchain network’s hash rate (or computing power).
By dominating a blockchain network, an attacker can prevent transactions from being processed, redirect the order of new transactions, and even reverse some of their past transactions (a problem known as “double spending”) by modifying the blockchain data.
Established blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum are less susceptible to such attacks due to their significant computational power and high hash difficulty, which are reinforced by the large number of miners supporting these networks.
